Consultation

Confidence Isn’t a Synonym for Competence

/ Dave Eberwein / 2 Comments

Have you ever watched someone speak with absolute certainty about a topic, and you knew that they really had no clue about what they were talking about?

It’s uncomfortable, isn’t it?

We have all likely been that person at some point — where our confidence exceeds our ability. What is that strange gap between confidence and competence? That’s the Dunning-Kruger Effect — and it shows up more often than we think, especially in the workplace. For a few people, it can be a daily event.

Dunning-Kruger Effect: A cognitive bias where people with low competence in a skill tend to overestimate their own abilities and knowledge in that area. This lack of metacognitive awareness prevents them from accurately assessing their own performance, while high performers often underestimate their abilities.

It’s not arrogance — it’s a lack of self-awareness. And ironically, the more skilled you actually become, the more you realize how much you really don’t know. It’s a humbling paradox: ignorance breeds confidence, while knowledge breeds humility.

In the workplace, this can manifest in subtle but impactful ways:

Confidence does not Always Equal Competence
  • Take the new manager who’s just stepped into a leadership role. They’ve read a few books, maybe taken a course or two, and suddenly they’re convinced they know how to lead a team. But leadership isn’t theoretical –it’s relational. Without emotional intelligence, listening skills, and the ability to navigate conflict, that over confidence can quickly erode trust.
  • In politics, a new leader speaks from a place of confidence yet includes statistics and events that are not true or highly exaggerated to make their point. Their presence presents itself as arrogance — yet it’s uninformed arrogance. Being familiar with the topic, you soon lose trust in the leader. You question their integrity, intentions and ability.
  • Or the school district leader, who’s just attended a one-day workshop on a new pedagogical approach to language instruction. They return to their school district, energized, ready to overhaul their system. But, without deeper understanding or support, the implementation falters. Staff are confused, students are frustrated, outcomes may drop, and the leader feels disillusioned. The intent was good, but the execution lacked depth.

Understand this effect isn’t meant to shame anyone. It’s about recognizing a pattern — and learning from it.

The real danger of the Dunning-Kruger Effect isn’t ignorance itself — it’s the illusion of knowledge. When we think we know more than we do, we stop asking questions. We stop listening. And that’s when growth stalls. Arrogance takes over and learning stops.

So how do we move forward as an organization?

NORMALIZE NOT KNOWING

  • In a culture that rewards certainty, admitting “I don’t know” can feel risky. But it’s actually a sign of calm wisdom. The most competent leaders I know are the ones who ask the most questions. They’re not afraid to look foolish by not knowing, because they know that learning is messy — and worth it.

BUILD FEEDBACK-RICH ENVIRONMENTS

  • Whether it’s in a classroom, the boardroom, or a team meeting, feedback helps us calibrate our self-perception. It’s not about criticism — it’s about clarity. When we invite others to reflect back on what they see, we gain insight into our blind spots. And that’s where real growth begins.

INVEST IN REFLECTION

  • Think about a time you were sure of something and later realized you were completely off base. What led you to that conclusion? What did you miss? Reflection isn’t about beating ourselves up — it’s about building self-awareness. Self-awareness is the antidote to the Dunning-Kruger Effect.

LEAD WITH HUMILITY

  • Humility isn’t weakness — it’s strength. It’s the quiet confidence that comes from knowing your limits and being open to learning. When leaders model humility, they create space for others to do the same. And that’s when teams thrive.

The Dunning-Kruger Effect isn’t a flaw — it’s a feature of how our brains work. But when we understand it, and pay attention to opportunities when it might happen, we can move from unconscious incompetence to conscious growth.

So, stop pretending to know when you don’t … admit when you don’t know something … and look for those opportunities to gain the knowledge you’re missing.

Be genuine … Be transparent … Be humble … and seek knowledge.

Why wouldn’t we want to do that?

(This post was inspired by the author prompting AI, however, the majority of the writing is the author’s own work.)

Transformational Leadership: The Secret Sauce

/ Dave Eberwein / 4 Comments

In my previous post on Emotional Intelligence (EI) I discussed how critical it is for school and district leaders ‘to recognize, understand and manage their own emotions as well as the emotions of others.’ EI is a core requirement to being able to positively impact the collective performance of a school district. If leaders are attuned to themselves and others, their organization will run more smoothly and effectively, as well as be better positioned to have sustainable improvement.

Today I am exploring Transformational Leadership — something that builds on the concept of EI and which I also believe needs to frame a leader’s approach.

Transformational Leadership: A style of leadership that focuses on inspiring and motivating followers to achieve their full potential and beyond. Think of it as the leadership equivalent of a motivational pep talk, but with a lot more substance. It’s about creating a shared vision that enables buy-in.

What makes a leader truly transformational?

It’s not just about having a big title or a corner office. Transformational leadership is the secret sauce that turns a good team into a great one. It’s about inspiring and motivating one’s team to reach new heights. It is an absolute ‘must have’ if you’re wanting to make significant institutional changes. Change is never-ending, and if you want that change to lead to be better results, having your team motivated, engaged and on-board with the collective vision is a critical first step.

The Vision Thing

At its most fundamental understanding, a transformational leader has a clear vision for where they want to go. They see the big picture and know how to communicate it in a way that gets everyone excited. They do this by focusing on their team and how they contribute to the organization’s success. A transformational leader does not need to be centre-stage, but they do need to be conducting the orchestra from somewhere on stage, ensuring that every performer has relevance and can be heard. This means being inclusive, collaborative and most critically being emotionally intelligent. It also means knowing when to be out front, and when to be leading from the side or from the back.

Transformational Leaders know when they need to be Conducting the Orchestra

Inspiring the Team

Transformational leaders are engaging and inspiring. They know how to get people excited about their work and keep them motivated. Celebrating people’s mistakes as much as their successes ensures that people feel safe taking professional risks to try something new — where the spirit of trying something that could be a significant change agent is encouraged — and where laughter and joy permeate the workspace.

The leader isn’t necessarily the loudest one in the room — they don’t need to be front-and-centre to make a difference. Think of Nelson Mandela, Mahatma Gandhi and Malala Yousafzai — three remarkable people who inspired the world with their vision and inclusivity of others, yet often letting their actions speak more loudly than their words. They didn’t need to grab a microphone, but when they did, people paid attention and came together with their message.

Where to Start

If you are leading a group of 5, 500 or 5000 people the same principles of being transformational apply. Start by developing a clear vision of where you want to go and use a variety of means to effectively communicate it. Involve others in the corporate storytelling by building a strong, collaborative team who believes in same vision — one where your team is enthusiastic about wanting to talk about its relevance — one that they’re proud to say belongs to them as much as it does the organization.

Transformational leadership is more than just a buzzword; it’s a powerful approach to leading and inspiring your team. By focusing on vision, team collaboration, and positive work culture, a leader can transform their organization and achieve great things.

Change Keeps Happening

We never really reach the finish line in public education. New context emerges and we adjust — we’re always tinkering with our structures, processes and approaches — always looking for that little advance that makes us better tomorrow. It’s what I love about our work.

When we can do this work with others on an enthusiastic team all pulling in the same direction, there truly is no better feeling. We’re in this together! This is where the Transformational Leader needs to live — in a space of some discomfort where we may not exactly know what lies ahead, but we eagerly await the next day knowing that we have an engaged and focused team willing to be in the challenge together.

Reflections from 2021-2022 – HOPE Paves the Path to Success

/ Dave Eberwein / 2 Comments

As we enter the month of June we also enter the end of another school year — a year that for me was a bit of a paradox. I am feeling both exhausted but also inspired by where we’ve come and where we are heading.

As I thought about what I should include in my year-end post, I wanted to focus on big things — those things that made a positive difference.

By focusing on the events that show a way forward, we see the HOPE that is needed to climb the mountains in front of us. And we climbed quite a few mountains this past year. We should be proud of the extraordinary work that has happened and also excited about the opportunities that lie ahead.

I’m going to talk about a few of them. So, let’s get started …

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